Alejandro Lipschutz Friedman: un marxista indigenista del siglo XX

Jaime Navarrete Vergara

doi:10.5354/0719-4862.2023.72249

Abstract

This article adressed, the so-called "indigenist" period in Latin America (1940-1971), highlighting the main aspects of the historical and political context in which Alejandro Lipschutz developed his main indigenist reflections. Secondly, the article address the development of the Chilean anthropology, aiming to analyze the main characteristics of the discipline in Chile during the 1960s. Third, the article concerns the intellectual creativity around critical anthropology and his commitment to a "philosophy of praxis". It identifies the characteristics of his political commitment. Fourth, the context and use of his political commitment; thirdly, the artice addresses Lipschutz's intellectual creativity about critical anthropology, as well as his identification with a "praxis philosophy", identifying the characteristics of his political commitment. Fifth, the article addresses the context and use of the categories of tribe and community on Lipschutz intellectual production, characterizing what will be called as an "anthropological Marxism", a theoretical and political configuration that allowed Lipschutz to intervene in the debates on Chilean colonialism and indigenous policies during the twentieth century. Finally, the article analyzes the relationship between the socialist project of the Unidad Popular and Lipschutz's intellectual perspective, whose main expression crystallized in the drafting of a new Indigenous Law in 1972. The article argues that Lipschutz managed to articulate his Marxist and anthropological perspective to the political scenario inaugurated by the Popular Unity (1970-1973) from an indigenist orientation, which was vital to establish a new relationship with indigenous peoples, particularly with the Mapuche people, one of the central actors of the Chilean road to socialism.

Alejandro Lipschutz Friedman: an indigenist marxist of the 20th century

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